OK, I can imagine that the difficulty may in fact be analyzing the result rather than generating a gradient.
Note on "real" content, the "ballooning" size won't be so drastic, but it's still suboptimal if you start with 10bit content Handbrake output >10x the size mainly because of the dithering, and gaps in the data (0,4,8) when you examine it. Handbrake "10bit" 2nd generation x265 crf 1 76kb Handbrake "10bit" 2nd generation x264 crf 1 70kb Xmediarecode 10bit x264 2nd generation crf 1 (same settings) 5kb X264cli 10bit 2nd generation crf 1 5kb (output PSNR actually lossless CRF1) I think some GUI's like staxrip canĠ-1023 gradient original produced at crf1 5kb Xmedia can preserve 10bit if you set it up correctly but I see no way of preserving the HDR metadata automatically.
When you test - it dithers the intermediate stage (functions like noise to "hide" the banding), so it doesn't look as bad on a gradient as no dither - but the filesize balloons up because of the dithering Handbrake/vidcoder definitely uses an 8bit intermediate stage this is well documented. If there is an 8bit step, you will get gaps in the data such as 0,4,8, instead of 0,1,2,3,4,6,7,8, which of course results in more banding, less accuracy, worse compression
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